Buffer Stocks Essays - Pricing, Marketing, Monopoly,

Buffer Stocks - 2. Buffer Stocks - One step a government might take in order to stabilize agricultural prices is to use the technique of buffer stocks. The very basic idea of this is letting the government set a minimum price on agricultural goods. This price will usually be above the price where demand meets supply, so the government must buy the excess quantity produced, in order to stabilize prices. This quantity will then be stored till, for example, next year where there is a bad harvest, and then it will be put on the market. In case of famine, or earthquake the goods can also be given to the people. In pracise, using fig. 1, the market price would be at OP. This price is obviously so low, that the farmers will receive too little profit, hence the government agrees to a minimum price at OG. Here there is an excess supply, OQ to OQ1, which the government then buys, so they stabilize the prices. - 3. Monopoly - It is easy to mention the obvious disadvantages which might occur to the consumer of a monopoly (eg. higher prices, lower quality etc), but there are also several ways a consumer might benefit from the existence of a monopoly. Basically there are two options. A monopoly controlled by the government, and monopoly controlled by the private sector. Monopoly under government, is properly where the consumer will find the greatest advantages. The government will try to minimize prices for the consumer, and if necessary, cover the loss of doing so. Quality wise, the consumer will most likely benefit from this type of monopoly. If we take the dutch PTT, which is not completely a monopoly, but still very dominating, over the telecommunication in the Netherlands. The quality of the goods they sell (phones, answering machines etc.) is very good. They all have to go through certain tests, and get the 'blue seal'. In the monopoly, which lies under the private sector, the conditions are different. If here the monopoly fears it will loose faith from its consumers, it will benefit the consumer. For example Intel's 586 chip had a bug, and consumers globally were very displeased. Intel chose to replace the bug with functional one, instead of remaining passive. They most likely feared other, much smaller firms, could enter the market and take advantage of the situation. - 4. Double Counting - When calculating N.I., adding up total revenue is one way. This does though include the problem 'Double Counting'. If we as an example use diamonds, from the extraction to the sale, it should be easy to see the phenomenon of 'Double Counting'. First the diamond is extracted by one firm. They sell the raw diamond to a cutlery, for 10? a carat. Here the materials are cut into consumerfriendly shapes and then sold to shop, for 50? a carat, where the consumer buys it for 100? a carat. Total Revenue here is (10 + 50 + 100) 160?. Adding up the Value Added, you avoid double counting, and instead the amount is (10 + 40 + 50) 100?. Obviously double counting is a problem, which ultimately leads to very inaccurate numbers. Adding the value added up, is definably a much better method, if a more exact number is wanted. - 6. 'Bayona' - A LDC like Bayona faces many disadvantages if the Terms of Trade go against it. What many times happens, is that the country enter a vicious circle. Let me outline both. If the Terms of Trade go against a country, it means that the prices of imported goods are higher than the prices of exported goods. The consequences of Bayona, which only exports one good, is that they would have no other products to try to export. In order to stabilize the Terms of Trade, Bayona would have to either raise prices, or increase production. If they raise prices, QD will go down. If they increase production, wages and other costs will have to go down in order to establish a competitive price. No matter what, N.I. will go down, leading to less production, leading to lower standards of living, leading to pour health, leading to less production, etc. The Terms of Trade is an important factor. The system nowadays,

international essays

international essays 1- (a) The correct assumption that Disney made about the tastes and preferences of French consumer is that it had created 30,000 french jobs......so there was a constant increase in the attendance. (b) There were many incorrect assumptions....that the Europeans eat breakfast ; they ate bacon and eggs...they showed up at 12.30 for lunch and they were asking for some alcohol....most of the visitors were Americans ...most of the visitors stayed for 1-2 days....good and heavy attendance were on Monday...we should change the name of Disney land , style ; of foods , shops. 2- Have a look at the environment if it is possible to build Disney land in france ...have a look at the French needs...is there any entertainment parks so that they can have some information (experience) and learn from their mistakes ...there are many steps you could do to reduce the number of mistakes associated with the launch of euro Disney...some researches on the needs of the French people who live in france ....a very important fact is to know how the citizens are distributed and their ages .... are they teenagers or children ...etc. Income of the family....is it reasonable and possible to buy the X $ ticket....number of holidays...seasons; when do people travel to for shopping ....these are some of many.... 3- No, it was not the best location for euro Disney because france is very expensive to live and accommodate....most of the visitors were Americans...only 40% were French....my advise is that they should change the location to another country that would satisfy there needs and goals and there is another reason is that the French government went into a long negotiation with Americans...the alternative to france is Spain the Spanish guy work for long time with few $ than the French one...Spain is growing and its a good place for investing because there are millions of tourists that visit Spain yearly... ...

How Does Paid Employment Affect The Identity Essay - 4

How Does Paid Employment Affect The Identity - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that in order to have paid employment exert friendly influences on one’s identity, it consequently becomes highly important to learn all the critical ways to thrive in a career in a very positive and professional manner. This remains a reality that employment heavily interferes with one’s identity, self-esteem, and psychological satisfaction either in a positive or negative way. Also, there definitely exists a direct relationship between a worker’s identity and the amount of salary on which he or she is employed in any organization. Workers getting high salaries tend to be more satisfied with their identities and enjoy high self-esteem in comparison to low-profile workers who get paid poorly and who also consequently, tend to face the pressures of low self-esteem and poor social identities. Maintaining the nature of work identity also holds huge importance once a worker enters the workplace and the type of management pr acticed in that workplace also shares a relationship with whether a worker would be able to maintain his or her identity or not. Much research has been done on workers’ identities, which has effectively changed the way relationship with organizations is perceived presently by the workers. More and more managers these days are seen increasingly focus on the concept of organizational culture and trying developing familiarity with the organizational culture and the nature of culture-oriented issues helps in proper maintenance of identity. It is mentioned by Grey that a highly professional and concerned approach is required in every organizational setup for addressing various critically important factors like workers’ skills and identity issues. The concept of organizational culture is heavily related to the potential to reformulate the concept of workforce identity, as mentioned in the work compiled by Grey. It is discussed by the author in the book that cultural concept got introduced in the American management system earlier in the 1980s. Actually, the cultural idea proposes that the organizational practices should be designed in such a way that they would promote the shared values because the establishment of shared values ultimately leads to solidifying the workers’ identities, as already discussed. For stable cultural management, it is critically important that the staff should have a firm belief in values instead of going along with the orders of the managers like feeling fewer automatons. There should remain no distance between individuals’ purposes and those of the organization in which they are employed. According to the theoretical approach introduced by Willmott, culture management has the serious potential to reformulate identity in harmony with the managerial doctrine. This theoretical approach professes that culture management should actually be perceived as a powerful tool through which internal world of an organization can be reshaped in terms of the identity of people at work. With the help of a historical approach, Grey discusses how Japanese managers laid greater emphasis on motivating the employees in order to commit them to working on united goals during the 1970s and 1980s, so that company output could be enhanced along with customer service.